Page 7 - ING-Waterproblematiek Report

<< summary

Majority of water intensive industries are
located in countries prone to water stress…

Almost half of the 60 largest economies likely to provide 57% of global GDP and consist of most of MENA, Extending the water-energy-food nexus
face (extremely) high ‘water stress’ a large part of Asia, some Latin American countries and So not only energy and food are in competition for water.
Of the world’s 60 largest economies, 29 are ranked “high to the US. Other necessities of life such as clothing and base metals
extremely high” for water stress risk by the World Resources and chemical products are as well. Many industries in water-
Institute, using a ‘business-as-usual’-scenario in terms of Several water-intensive sectors show high concentration of stressed countries are in competition over precious water
climate policy. Water stress occurs when demand for water production in terms of gross value added in these 29 resources.
exceeds the available amount during a certain period or countries: 88% of coal mining, 80% of textile production and
when poor quality restricts its use. These 60 countries 74% of global agriculture are located in these countries.

Majority of water intensive industries are located in countries prone to water stress *29 countries which WRI indicate high to extremely high water stress (2040): Pakistan, Spain,
Share of 29 countries* prone to water stress in world total, by sector Turkey, Greece, Portugal, Kazakhstan, Chile, Saudi Arabia, Iran, UAE, Israel, Singapore, Iraq,
Algeria, Qatar, Kuwait, Morocco, South Africa, China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Italy,
Belgium, Ukraine, Mexico, Peru, Australia, United States

88% 80% 74% 67% 63% 62% 59% 59% 57%
coal mining textiles agriculture base metal chemicals / F&B
paper metals mining global GDP
China (43%) refining China (25%) production
US (8%) China (27%) US (16%)
Top-4 producers China (53%) China (40%) China (30%) US (22%) US (12%) US (12%)
Australia (11%) India (8%) India (11%) India (6%) US (17%) Mexico (3%)
(of 29 countries Italy (5%) Italy (1%) S-Arabia (3%) India (3%) China (18%) Australia(10%) Australia(10%)
prone to water stress, US (8%) Indonesia (5%) US (6%)
in terms of GVA) Indonesia (4%) Indonesia (4%) India (2%) Indonesia (3%) China (6%) China (6%)

Italy (1%) Chili (5%) Chili (5%)

Source: calculations ING Economics Department, based on Oxford Economics, WRI

ING Economics Department 7 Too little, too much / December 2015